Nzira yekugadzirisa zviri nyore dambudziko rekufamba-famba-pfupi?Kugovera bhasikoro?motokari yemagetsi?motokari?Kana rudzi rutsva rwemagetsi scooter?
Shamwari dzakangwarira dzichawana kuti madiki uye anotakurika emagetsi scooters ave sarudzo yekutanga kune vechidiki vazhinji.
Akasiyana siyana emagetsi scooters
Chimiro chakajairika chemagetsi scooters ndeye L-yakaumbwa, imwe-chidimbu furemu chimiro, chakagadzirwa mune minimalist maitiro.Iyo handlebar inogona kugadzirwa kuve yakakombama kana kuti yakatwasuka, uye mbiru yekutungamidza uye mubato wemubato zvinowanzosvika pa70 °, izvo zvinogona kuratidza runako rwecurvilinear rwegungano rakasanganiswa.Mushure mekupeta, scooter yemagetsi ine "imwe-yakaita" chimiro.Kune rumwe rutivi, inogona kupa chimiro chakareruka uye chakanaka chakapetwa, uye kune rumwe rutivi, zviri nyore kutakura.
Magetsi scooters anozivikanwa zvikuru pakati pemunhu wese.Mukuwedzera kune chimiro, kune zvakawanda zvakanakira:
Inotakurika: Saizi yema scooters emagetsi kazhinji idiki, uye muviri unowanzo gadzirwa nealuminium alloy, inoreruka uye inotakurika.Kuenzaniswa nemabhasikoro emagetsi, ma scooters emagetsi anogona kutakurwa nyore nyore mumotokari yemotokari, kana kutakurwa pa subways, mabhazi, nezvimwewo, inogona kushandiswa pamwe chete nedzimwe nzira dzekufambisa, zviri nyore kwazvo.
Kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza: Inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvepasi-kabhoni kufamba.Kuenzaniswa nemotokari, hapana chikonzero chekunetseka nezve traffic dzemumaguta uye matambudziko ekupaka.
Upfumi hwepamusoro: Iyo scooter yemagetsi inoshandiswa ne lithium bhatiri, bhatiri rakareba uye kushandiswa kwesimba kwakaderera.
Zvinonyatsoita: Magetsi scooters anowanzo shandisa anogara magineti synchronous motors kana brushless DC mota.Iwo mamotor ane hombe kuburitsa, kushanda kwakanyanya, uye yakaderera ruzha.Kazhinji, kumhanya kwepamusoro kunogona kusvika kupfuura 20km/h, iyo inokurumidza kupfuura mabhasikoro akagovaniswa.
Kuumbwa kwe scooter yemagetsi
Tichitora epamba yemagetsi scooter semuenzaniso, kune zvinopfuura zvikamu makumi maviri mumotokari yese.Zvechokwadi, izvi hazvisi zvose.Kune zvakare mota yekudzora system mamaboard mukati memuviri wemotokari.
Magetsi scooter motors anowanzo shandisa brushless DC motors kana zvechigarire magineti synchronous motors ane mazana ewatts uye akakosha controller.Iyo brake control inowanzo shandisa simbi yakakandwa kana simbi inoumbwa;lithium mabhatiri ane hunyanzvi hwakasiyana, hunogona kugadziridzwa zvinoenderana nezvaunoda chaizvo.Sarudza, kana uine zvimwe zvinodiwa zvekumhanya, edza kusarudza bhatiri riri pamusoro pe48V;kana uine zvinodiwa parwendo rwekufamba, edza kusarudza bhatiri rine huwandu huri pamusoro pe10Ah.
Chimiro chemuviri we scooter yemagetsi inosarudza simba rayo rekutakura uye uremu.Inofanirwa kunge iine simba rekutakura rinokwana 100 kilogiramu kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti scooter yakasimba zvakakwana kutsungirira bvunzo mumigwagwa ine makomba.Parizvino, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa yemagetsi scooter ndeye aruminiyamu alloy, iyo isiri iyo yakareruka muhuremu, asiwo yakanakisa mukusimba.
Iyo dhizaini inogona kuratidza ruzivo senge yazvino kumhanya uye mileage, uye capacitive touch screens inowanzosarudzwa;matai anowanzouya mumarudzi maviri, matai asina machubhu uye matai emhepo, uye matai asina chubhu anodhura;nokuda kwekureruka dhizaini, furemu yacho inowanzo gadzirwa nealuminium alloy.Yakadaro yemagetsi scooter inowanzo tengeswa pakati pe1000-3000 yuan.
Core Kuongorora kweMagetsi Scooter Technology
Kana zvikamu zve scooter yemagetsi zvakaparadzaniswa uye zvichiongororwa chimwe nechimwe, mutengo wemotor uye control system ndiyo yakakwirira.Panguva imwecheteyo, ivowo "brains" dze scooter yemagetsi.Kutanga, kushanda, kufambira mberi uye kudzoka, kumhanya, uye kumira kweiyo scooter yemagetsi zvinoenderana neZvese mota dzinodzora masisitimu mune scooters.
Magetsi ma scooters anogona kumhanya nekukurumidza uye zvakachengeteka, uye ane zvakakwirira zvinodiwa pakuita kweiyo mota control system, pamwe nepamusoro zvinodiwa pakubudirira kwemota.Panguva imwecheteyo, senzira inoshanda yekufambisa, iyo mota yekudzora sisitimu inodiwa kutsungirira kuzunguzika, kutsungirira nharaunda dzakaoma, uye kuve nekuvimbika kwakanyanya.
Iyo MCU inoshanda kuburikidza nemagetsi emagetsi, uye inoshandisa iyo yekutaurirana interface kutaurirana neyekuchaja module uye magetsi uye magetsi module.Iyo gedhi dhiraivha module yakabatana nemagetsi neiyo main control MCU, uye inotyaira iyo BLDC mota kuburikidza neOptiMOSTM drive circuit.Iyo Hall chinzvimbo sensor inogona kunzwa yazvino chinzvimbo chemota, uye ikozvino sensor uye yekumhanyisa sensor inogona kuumba kaviri yakavharwa-loop control system yekudzora mota.
Mushure mekunge mota yatanga kumhanya, sensor yeHoro inonzwa chinzvimbo chazvino chemotor, inoshandura chiratidzo cheiyo rotor magineti kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi, uye inopa ruzivo rwakakwana rwekufambisa kune yemagetsi commutation wedunhu kudzora switch yemagetsi switch chubhu. mune zvemagetsi commutation circuit state, uye fudza iyo data kuMCU.
Iyo yazvino sensor uye yekumhanyisa sensor inoumba kaviri yakavharwa-loop system.Musiyano wekumhanya ndeyekuisa, uye inomhanyisa controller inoburitsa inoenderana ikozvino.Zvadaro mutsauko pakati pezvino uye ikozvino unoshandiswa sechipo chemutongi wezvino, uye ipapo PWM inoenderana inobuda kuti ityaire magnet rotor.Tenderedza ramba uchidzoreredza kudzora uye kudzora kumhanya.Kushandisa kaviri yakavharwa-loop system inogona kuwedzera anti-kupindira kweiyo system.Iyo kaviri yakavharwa-loop system inowedzera mhinduro yekutonga yezvino, iyo inogona kuderedza kuwandisa uye oversaturation yezvino, uye kuwana zvirinani kutonga maitiro, iyo ndiyo kiyi yekufamba kwakatsetseka kwemagetsi scooter.
Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe ma scooters akashongedzerwa nemagetsi anti-lock braking masisitimu.Iyo sisitimu inoona kumhanya kwevhiri nekuona vhiri kumhanya sensor.Kana ikaona kuti vhiri rakakiyiwa, rinobva radzora simba rekubhureki revhiri rakakiiwa kuitira kuti rive mumamiriro ekukunguruka nekutsvedza (chikamu chinotsvedza chedivi chingangoita 20%), ichivimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwevhiri. muridzi wesikuta yemagetsi.
Electric scooter chip solution
Nekuda kweyekuchengetedza yekumhanyisa muganho, simba reyakajairwa magetsi scooters rinogumira ku1KW kusvika 10KW.Kune iyo control system uye bhatiri remagetsi scooter, Infineon inopa yakakwana mhinduro:
Iyo hardware dhizaini dhizaini yeyakajairwa scooter control system inoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi, uyo unonyanya kusanganisira drive MCU, gedhi dhiraivha redunhu, MOS drive dunhu, mota, Hall sensor, ikozvino sensor, yekumhanyisa sensor uye mamwe ma module.
Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha pamusoro pemagetsi scooters ndiko kutasva kwakachengeteka.Muchikamu chakapfuura, takazivisa kuti kune matatu akavharwa zvishwe kuti ave nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwemagetsi scooters: ikozvino, kumhanya uye Hall.Kune aya matatu akavharika-loop main zvishandiso - sensors, Infineon inopa akasiyana-siyana ma sensor musanganiswa.
Iyo Horo chinzvimbo switch inogona kushandisa iyo TLE4961-xM yakatevedzana Horo switch yakapihwa naInfineon.TLE4961-xM ndeye yakasanganiswa Hall-effect latch yakagadzirirwa yakakwirira-chaiyo maapplication ane epamusoro magetsi ekupa voltage kugona uye anoshanda tembiricha renji uye kugadzikana kwekushisa kweiyo magineti chikumbaridzo.Iyo Hall switch inoshandiswa pakuona chinzvimbo, ine yakakwirira yekuona kurongeka, ine reverse polarity dziviriro uye overvoltage kuchengetedza mabasa, uye inoshandisa diki SOT package kuchengetedza PCB nzvimbo.
Iyo yazvino sensor inoshandisa iyo Infineon TLI4971 yazvino sensor:
TLI4971 ndeye Infineon's yakakwirira-chaiyo miniature coreless magineti ikozvino sensor ye AC uye DC kuyerwa, ine analog interface uye mbiri inokurumidza kupfuura-ikozvino yekuona kubuda uye yakapfuura UL certification.Iyo TLI4971 inodzivirira zvese zvakaipa zvinokonzeresa (saturation, hysteresis) zvakajairika kune masensa anoshandisa flux density tekinoroji uye inoshongedzerwa neyemukati yekuzviongorora.Iyo TLI4971's digitally yakabatsira analog tekinoroji dhizaini ine proprietary dhijitari kusagadzikana uye tembiricha muripo inopa kugadzikana kwepamusoro pane tembiricha uye hupenyu hwese.Iyo yekuyera yekuyera musimboti inobvumira yakakura kurasika kudzvanywa kwemunda kana uchishanda munzvimbo dzakaoma.
Iyo yekumhanyisa sensor inoshandisa iyo Infineon TLE4922, inoshanda Hall sensor yakanakira kuona mafambiro uye chinzvimbo cheferromagnetic uye chisingaperi magineti zvimiro, imwe yekuwedzera yega-calibration module inoiswa kuti inyatso kunyatso.Iyo ine yekushanda voltage renji ye4.5-16V uye inouya mune diki PG-SSO-4-1 package ine yakawedzera ESD uye EMC kugadzikana.
Unyanzvi hwekugadzira hwemuviri hwemagetsi scooter Hardware
Magetsi scooters anewo zvimwe zvinhu mukugadzirwa kwemaitiro.Muchikamu chehardware, iyo interface inoshandiswa kazhinji yakawanda-interface yegoridhe chigunwe plug, iyo yakanakira kugadzikana uye kuvimbika kwekubatanidza magetsi.
Mune control system board, iyo MCU inorongwa pakati pedare redunhu, uye gedhi dhiraivha redunhu rakarongwa kure zvishoma kubva kuMCU.Munguva yekugadzira, kutarisisa kunofanira kubhadharwa kune kupisa kupisa kwegedhi drive circuit yekufunga.Screw terminal magetsi ekubatanidza anopihwa pabhodhi remagetsi kune yakakwira ikozvino yekubatanidza kuburikidza nemhangura terminal mitsetse.Pachikamu chega chega chinobuda, mitsetse miviri yemhangura inoumba DC bhazi yekubatanidza, ichibatanidza ese akaenzana hafu-mabhiriji echikamu ichocho kubhangi capacitor uye DC magetsi.Imwe mhangura yemhangura inobatanidzwa mukuenderana nekubuda kwehafu yebhiriji.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-23-2022